Flame detectors are critical for ensuring the safety of personnel, equipment, and operations in facilities where fire hazards exist. However, selecting the right flame detector—and installing it properly—can make a significant difference in the effectiveness of your fire protection system. In this post, we’ll guide you through key considerations when choosing and installing flame detectors to help improve safety at your facility.

Why Flame Detector Selection Matters

Not all flame detectors are the same, and choosing the wrong type for your environment could lead to missed detections or false alarms. Different fires—whether caused by hydrocarbons or other fuels like hydrogen—emit different wavelengths of energy. Flame detectors are designed to detect specific types of radiation: ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), or a combination (e.g. UV/IR, Multi-Spectrum IR). It’s important to select a detector that suits your needs to ensure effective fire detection.

Key Factors for Flame Detector Selection

1. Fire Type and Fuel Source
Understanding the types of fires that are most likely to occur in your facility is the first step in selecting the right flame detector. Hydrocarbon fires, hydrogen fires, and other fires all produce different radiation patterns. Make sure to choose a detector designed to detect the specific energy emitted by the types of fires you are trying to protect against.

2. Environmental Conditions
Environmental factors, such as temperature extremes, humidity, rain, fog, dust, or steam, can impact the performance of flame detectors. In harsh conditions, consider flame detectors that are specifically designed to handle such environments, including explosion-proof or ruggedized models with high IP ratings.

3. Detection Range and Field of View
Each flame detector has a specific detection range otherwise known as field of view (FoV). It’s important to assess whether the detector you select will cover the desired area without obstructions. Depending on your facility’s layout, you may need multiple detectors to cover large or complex areas effectively. To optimize coverage, consider conducting a mapping study — a detailed analysis that models detector placement, range, and potential obstructions within the protected area. Mapping studies help identify the number and locations of detectors needed to achieve the desired level of fire detection performance.

4. Response Time and Sensitivity
The response time of a flame detector is critical, especially in high-risk environments where fast detection is required. Look for detectors with adjustable sensitivity settings to balance between early warning and reducing the risk of false alarms. Choose a detector that offers the appropriate response time for your operations.

5. Certifications and Compliance
Ensure the flame detector complies with relevant industry standards and regulations (e.g., FM, ATEX, IECEx, SIL certifications). Compliance with these standards not only ensures safety but may also be necessary for meeting insurance or local regulatory requirements

Best Practices for Flame Detector Installation

1. Placement of Detectors
Install flame detectors in locations where they have a clear line of sight to potential fire hazards, avoiding obstructions that could block detection. Avoid placing detectors where they might be exposed to direct sunlight, reflective light, or hot air exhausts, which could cause false alarms.

2. Mounting Height and Angle
Follow the manufacturer’s recommended mounting height and angle to ensure optimal coverage. Typically, detectors should be mounted at least 10 feet high and slightly angled downward to maximize detection of potential hazards.

3. Wiring and Electrical Connections
Use proper wiring techniques, especially in hazardous environments. Shielded cables may help minimize electromagnetic interference. Be sure that all wiring complies with local electrical codes and the manufacturer’s installation guidelines.

4. Regular Testing and Maintenance
Even the best flame detectors require routine maintenance to ensure they continue to perform as intended. Regular cleaning, especially in environments with dust or debris, and functional testing using a flame simulator are recommended. Always follow the manufacturer’s maintenance and testing guidelines.

5. Integration with Control Systems
Flame detectors should be integrated into the broader fire safety system, including fire alarm panels, horns, strobes, and emergency shutdown systems. Integration ensures that, in the event of a fire, systems can automatically respond with actions such as gas shutoff, equipment shutdown, or activation of fire suppression systems.

Conclusion

Selecting and installing the right flame detector is a critical part of ensuring the safety of your operations. By evaluating your specific fire risk, environmental conditions, and application requirements, you can choose a detector that helps improve fire detection and protection at your facility.

While this post provides general advice, we recommend consulting with fire protection professionals, such as fire protection engineers and local code authorities, to ensure compliance with applicable standards and codes in your region.